American simulations confirm that the crystal structure has superconducting paths and also describe why it works:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, August 1 2023, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.16892.pdf
However, the simulations suggest that a manufacturing process risks poor yield because the copper atoms must end up in the right place.
Don’t forget that aliens are real now too. ![]()
Next up, Dinosaurs successfully cloned just in time for an incoming asteroid. ![]()
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Seeing as SC’s are a hot topic these days - here’s a new and interesting one with implications for quantum computing:
Well harrummmphffff …
@fodagut says
LK-99 is quite likely a room-temperature superconductor, or if not it points the way towards building one. But LK-99 is not going to be as easy to synthesize as you have been told, and it’s going to be a long, long way to viable applications. Unless we cheat…
Wow, maybe I should go back to smoking blunts - what’s the reason not to, if cancer is a non-issue? ![]()
Interesting.
Proof of SQL allows enterprises to guarantee that the data powering their business hasn’t been manipulated and introduces transparency to business processes built on SQL. This is especially useful in industries where monetary value is directly tied to data, such as financial services.
Proof of SQL also provides the framework for verifying that large language models (LLMs) were trained on accurate, tamperproof data. As AI becomes increasingly integrated into business processes, transparency is key to ensuring that it’s applied responsibly. With the alpha release of Proof of SQL, Space and Time is laying the foundation for a verifiable AI-powered future.
By cryptographically verifying that data hasn’t been manipulated, Proof of SQL enables applications to run a query in the Space and Time data warehouse and roll up the result to a smart contract without breaking the zero-trust model of blockchain.
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Meet Boojum
Boojum is the name of our Rust-based arithmetization & constraint library, which we use to implement the upgraded version of the ZK circuits for zkSync Era and the ZK Stack. The name Boojum was inspired by Lewis Carroll’s poem “The Hunting of the Snark,” where the Boojum represents the most feared type of Snark.
What is Boojum?
We designed Boojum to have a number of compelling properties:
- PLONK-style arithmetization: In the context of zero-knowledge protocols, arithmetization is the process that transforms a general computation into mathematical form. As with the current proof system, our upgraded system continues to employ a PLONK-style arithmetization. With this approach, the ZK circuits are simpler to write relative to some alternative formalisms, making the system easier to develop, audit, maintain, and upgrade.
- Powerful commitment scheme: At the heart of Boojum lies the FRI commitment scheme, a key component that enables us to commit to a polynomial of bounded degree, and later efficiently prove that claimed opening (of the polynomial) indeed belongs to the low-degree polynomial.
- Efficiency of “boring” parts of the system: Even though witness generation is sometimes neglected when people talk about prover performance, in the current version of the proof system we have reached the point where the optimized GPU prover is so efficient that the witness generation time is comparable to the proof generation time. With Boojum, we provide automated parallelized (if the dependency graph allows it) witness generation, while keeping it easy to define a witness generation function like
|(a, b)| a + b. - Ease of extension: The base constraint system abstraction is very thin, but it allows users to add their custom gate types in various fashions, e.g. adding a few specialized polynomials for them, or reusing what’s called “general purpose columns”. After a user has defined a simple geometry for their circuit the extension interface provides the ability for them to automatically generate a prover, verifier, and recursive verifier. This allows for a very efficient development process; if the user changes the circuit structure and picks different types of gates to use, they can just call the interface again it will regenerate the keys and ensure that they’re using the correct prover and verifier.
- Single stack: With Boojum, everything listed above can be expressed with only standard, idiomatic Rust, using the expressiveness of its type system. The computationally heavy parts of the GPU prover are written in CUDA C++ but we provide Rust bindings for composition.
Boojum by default operates over the prime field of size 2^64 - 2^32 + 1 (dubbed a “Goldilocks field”, originally presented by Mike Hamburg, and with specific parameters suggested by Hamish Ivey-Law) and provides implementations of the corresponding field-bound primitives like the Poseidon2 hash function, as well as lookup-table based implementations of more standard cryptographic primitives, such as SHA256, Keccak256 and Blake2s.
Just to keep the recent outpouring of amazing things going on in the human-sphere going - this guy had no feeling below his chest, and now has a few microchips in his brain and is feeling things in his lower body.
He was awake at times during the 15-hour open-brain surgery telling doctors what he felt in his arms and hands when they put pressure on different parts to help with the placement of the chips, and now his brain, spinal cord and body are contacting each other again.
Is cursing allowed on the forum? Holy s++t ![]()
:q!
I’ve been a fan of Larkin Rose for many years and follow him on youtube - he’s the originator of this story and worked on the film.
Zoom zoom zoom!
The video appear to demonstrate flux pinning at room temp., so a type-2 superconducter … a few more weeks of verification, but looking more legit to me … the only question is how hard to mass produce useful products with it.
Other key questions will be the critical current and flux. ![]()
I expect David is already on this. I thought I better check first if he wrote it ![]()
